Research is underway to determine if any of the changes are having an impact on public health. However, the latest studies suggest that pertussis vaccines continue to be effective despite recent genetic changes. In the s, the United States switched from whole cell to acellular whooping cough vaccines for babies and children. Acellular whooping cough vaccines have fewer side effects, but do not appear to protect for as long.
In general, DTaP is effective for 8 or 9 in 10 children who get it. Among children who get all 5 shots of DTaP on schedule, effectiveness is very high. The vaccine protects nearly all children 98 in within the year following the last shot. About 7 in 10 kids are fully protected 5 years after getting their last shot of DTaP.
The other 3 in 10 kids are partially protected and are less likely to have serious disease if they do get whooping cough. In the first year after getting the vaccine, Tdap protects about 7 in 10 people. There is a decrease in effectiveness in each following year. The vaccine fully protects about 3 or 4 in 10 people 4 years after getting Tdap. A CDC evaluation found Tdap vaccination during the third trimester of pregnancy prevents more than 3 in 4 cases of whooping cough in babies younger than 2 months old.
For babies who do get whooping cough, 9 in 10 are protected from infections serious enough to need treatment in a hospital if their mother received Tdap during pregnancy. Learn more about DTaP waning immunity and whooping cough outbreaks. Most people who get a vaccine that helps protect against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough do not have any serious problems with it. With any medicine, including vaccines, there is a chance of side effects.
These are usually mild and go away on their own within a few days, but serious reactions are possible. Reactions where the healthcare professional gave the shot and fever occur more often after the fourth and fifth doses of the DTaP series than after earlier doses.
Sometimes the entire arm or leg that the shot was given in swells after the fourth or fifth dose. If this happens, the swelling lasts between 1 and 7 days. These vaccines are part of the routine childhood immunization schedule. Therefore, they are regularly available for children at:. Locate one near you. You can also contact your state health department to learn more about where to get vaccines in your community. When receiving any vaccine, ask the provider to record the vaccine in the state or local registry, if available.
This helps healthcare professionals at future encounters know what vaccines you or your child have already received. Medicare Part D plans cover Tdap vaccine, but there may be costs to you depending on your specific plan. Most private health insurance plans cover these vaccines. Check with your insurance provider for details on whether there is any cost to you and for a list of in-network vaccine providers.
Most health insurance plans cover routine vaccinations. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Talk to your doctor about whether getting the vaccine is a good idea if your child had any of the following after an earlier DTaP shot:. Your doctor might give a partial vaccine or no vaccine, or may decide that the benefits of vaccinating your child outweigh the potential risks.
Your child may have a fever, soreness, and some swelling and redness in the area where the shot was given. For pain and fever, check with your doctor to see if you can give either acetaminophen or ibuprofen , and to find out the right dose.
A warm, damp cloth or a heating pad on the injection site may help reduce soreness, as can moving or using the arm. Larger text size Large text size Regular text size. What Are Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis?
The diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis DTaP vaccine protects against: Diphtheria : a serious infection of the throat that can block the airway and cause severe breathing problems Tetanus lockjaw : a nerve disease that can happen at any age, caused by toxin-producing bacteria contaminating a wound Pertussis whooping cough : a respiratory illness with cold-like symptoms that lead to severe coughing the "whooping" sound happens when a child breathes in deeply after a severe coughing fit.
Serious complications can affect children under 1 year old, and those younger than 6 months old are especially at risk. Currently, 16 vaccines — some requiring multiple doses at specific ages and times — are recommended from birth to 18 years old. Recommended vaccines include:. Make an appointment. In , no major changes were made. But the schedule was updated to include the latest guidance on catch-up vaccinations for Hib and HPV vaccines.
The flu vaccine — or influenza vaccine — may be the most well-known of all immunizations. While influenza viruses circulate year-round, flu cases peak in the fall and winter months nearly every year. Flu shots help protect against the types of influenza viruses that research indicates will be most common that season.
When children receive their first flu shot, the vaccine is delivered in two doses, given at least one month apart. After that first pair of doses, just one shot is needed each year.
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